Bruises

What is a bruise?

A bruise is discoloration and tenderness of the skin caused by bleeding into the skin from damaged blood vessels. Because the skin is not broken, there is no risk of infection. Bruises usually occur after a fall on or an injury caused by blunt objects. Unexplained bruises can indicate that a child has a bleeding tendency (exception: "unexplained" bruises on the shins are usually not a sign of a bleeding tendency because people commonly bump this area and then forget that they bumped it).

Bruises change colors over time from reddish to bluish to yellowish before the skin fades back to its normal color.

How can I take care of my child?

• Bruises

  Apply a cold pack or ice in a bag to the bruised area for 20 minutes. No other treatment should be necessary. Give acetaminophen or ibuprofen for pain. Don't use aspirin because it may prolong the bleeding. After 48 hours apply a warm washcloth for 10 minutes 3 times a day to help the skin reabsorb the blood. Bruises clear in about 2 weeks.

• Blood blisters

  Do not open blood blisters because it will increase the possibility of infection. The blisters will dry up and peel off in 1 to 2 weeks.

When should I call my child's healthcare provider?

Call IMMEDIATELY if:

• Your child develops new bruises AND you don't know what caused them.
• Your child has bruises around the eyes after a head injury.
• A bruise does not heal.